"Doctor, doctor, my grandfather just had a heart stent operation, what should I pay attention to in terms of diet?"

"Eat light food, no spicy food."

How to do light diet? The Nutrition and Food Safety chapter has an answer for you!

 

Just after the operation is often affected by appetite, the early postoperative can try clear fluid diet, that is, does not contain flatulence food (beans, milk, etc.) rice soup, lotus root powder, filtered juice, vegetable juice, etc. With the remission of the disease, 1-5 days after the operation, the diet can gradually transition to liquid - semi-liquid - soft food - general food; Pay attention to the use of digestible low fat less residue food, try to choose vegetable oil. We usually eat rice porridge, steamed eggs, flour paste and so on belong to semi-liquid; The soft food is risotto, bean flower, stewed noodles and so on. After fully resuming eating, you can follow the following dietary guidelines to make food choices.

1, staple food: you can eat 2 to 3 kinds of staple food every day, including cereals, potatoes and miscellaneous beans, thick and fine collocation, reduce the intake of refined staple food;

2, meat and fat food: eat lean meat, do not eat fatty meat and lard; Eat more poultry, rabbit, fish, and prohibit high-cholesterol foods, such as animal viscera, crab roe, and so on. Increase the intake of sea fish and legumes with high unsaturated fatty acid content;

3, milk, eggs: drink low-fat and skim milk, lactose intolerance can choose low-lactose milk; Eat one egg or 3-4 quail eggs a day;

4, vegetables: eat enough vegetables every day, recommended daily intake of vegetables is 500g, and the intake of vegetables should have dark vegetables, leaf vegetables, etc.;

5, fruit: recommended intake of 200g, at least one variety a day, preferably more than 2 varieties;

6, nut foods: melon seeds, peanuts, walnuts and other nut foods have a high energy density, the daily intake should be limited to 15g, and the energy should be included in the whole day energy, if you eat nuts, reduce staple food and fat intake accordingly;

7, fat should be less, should try not to use lard, butter and other animal oils containing saturated fatty acids, it is best to use sesame oil, canola oil and other vegetable oils containing unsaturated fatty acids. The cooking method is mainly steamed, stewed, boiled and mixed, not fried or deep-fried. Reduce your intake of trans fatty acids;

8, control salt intake, daily intake does not exceed 6g, try to avoid eating foods with high salt such as bacon, sausage, salted eggs, salted fish, salted vegetables, pickles and other pickled products, soy sauce, soy sauce and other sodium-based condiments should be used as little as possible, the sodium content should be considered when using (generally 5g salt is equivalent to 25ml soy sauce). In order to limit salt intake, food can be flavored with vinegar, sweet and sour, ginger juice, garlic, etc.

9, drinking water: the daily amount of drinking water reached 1500-1700ml, should be a small number of times, active drinking water, the first choice of warm water;

10, exercise: activities should be gradual, the maximum amount of activity should not exceed 70%-80% before surgery, can adhere to swimming, walking, jogging, cycling, tai chi and so on.

A brief daily meal schedule

Other common nutrition myths

1.Post-operative protein powder supplement, nutrition is enough?

A: Patients recovering from surgery need to increase protein intake, and elderly people with poor food intake need to supplement protein in time. Most of the protein powder belongs to health food, is a single protein supplement; Health products are different from medical food, in the case of insufficient energy intake and no guidance from nutritionists, blindly supplemting protein powder will aggravate the burden of liver and kidney function.

2.What is food for special medical purposes and is it necessary to use it after surgery?

A: Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP) refers to "specially processed and formulated formulations to meet the special nutrient or dietary needs of people with dietary limitations, digestive and absorption disorders, metabolic disorders, or specific disease states."; Patients with postoperative indications of enteral support (including poor dietary recovery, poor biochemical indicators, etc.) should strengthen oral nutritional supplementation under the assessment and guidance of dietitians to actively correct negative nitrogen balance.

 Chinese Geriatric Society Nutrition and Food Safety Branch

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